Congenital Transmission of Chagas Disease in San Fernando Department, Province of Chaco

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: The congenital transmission of Chagas disease is one of the most important, affecting between 0.7 to 17% of children born to Trypanosoma cruzi infected mothers. OBJECTIVES: To calculate the number of T. cruzi infected children among those born to mothers diagnosed with the infection in 2010 and their siblings. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted. An index case was defined as a pregnant woman living in San Fernando Department (Province of Chaco) diagnosed with Chagas disease in 2010. The samples collected in children during home visits were processed by the network of public laboratories through indirect hemagglutination (IHA) and ELISA, resolving the discordance with indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) RESULTS: A total of 71 mothers met the case definition. 65 (92.9%) of the women surveyed knew their diagnosis, of which 4 (5.8%) had annual heart checks done. Among positive cases, 4 (5.8%) received an etiological treatment. There was an additional infection diagnosis for every three cases with Chagas. Out of a total of 188 samples of children from infected mothers. 23 were positive, which means that the rate of congenital transmission was 12.2% (CI 95%: 7.2-17.1). CONCLUSIONS: The rate of congenital transmission does not differ significantly from the ones in the region and Latin America in general.